Adding Markdown

posts/test.md

---
title: 'Two Forms of Pre-rendering'
date: '2020-01-01'
---

Next.js has two forms of pre-rendering: **Static Generation** and **Server-side Rendering**. The difference is in **when** it generates the HTML for a page.

- **Static Generation** is the pre-rendering method that generates the HTML at **build time**. The pre-rendered HTML is then _reused_ on each request.
- **Server-side Rendering** is the pre-rendering method that generates the HTML on **each request**.

Importantly, Next.js lets you **choose** which pre-rendering form to use for each page. You can create a "hybrid" Next.js app by using Static Generation for most pages and using Server-side Rendering for others.

Accessing Metadata/Lists

yarn add gray-matter

lib/posts.js

import fs from 'fs'
import path from 'path'
import matter from 'gray-matter'

const postsDirectory = path.join(process.cwd(), 'posts')

export function getSortedPostsData() {
  // Get file names under /posts
  const fileNames = fs.readdirSync(postsDirectory)
  const allPostsData = fileNames.map(fileName => {
    // Remove ".md" from file name to get id
    const id = fileName.replace(/\.md$/, '')

    // Read markdown file as string
    const fullPath = path.join(postsDirectory, fileName)
    const fileContents = fs.readFileSync(fullPath, 'utf8')

    // Use gray-matter to parse the post metadata section
    const matterResult = matter(fileContents)

    // Combine the data with the id
    return {
      id,
      ...matterResult.data
    }
  })
  // Sort posts by date
  return allPostsData.sort((a, b) => {
    if (a.date < b.date) {
      return 1
    } else {
      return -1
    }
  })
}

pages/index.js

import { getSortedPostsData } from '../lib/posts'
//...

export async function getStaticProps() {
  const allPostsData = getSortedPostsData()
  return {
    props: {
      allPostsData
    }
  }
}

export default function Home({ allPostsData }) {
  //render list of stuff
}

Rendering Dynamic Page

lib/posts.js

export function getAllPostIds() {
  const fileNames = fs.readdirSync(postsDirectory)

  // Returns an array that looks like this:
  // [
  //   {
  //     params: {
  //       id: 'ssg-ssr'
  //     }
  //   },
  //   {
  //     params: {
  //       id: 'pre-rendering'
  //     }
  //   }
  // ]
  return fileNames.map(fileName => {
    return {
      params: {
        id: fileName.replace(/\.md$/, '')
      }
    }
  })
}

export function getPostData(id) {
  const fullPath = path.join(postsDirectory, `${id}.md`)
  const fileContents = fs.readFileSync(fullPath, 'utf8')

  // Use gray-matter to parse the post metadata section
  const matterResult = matter(fileContents)

  // Combine the data with the id
  return {
    id,
    ...matterResult.data
  }
}

pages/posts/[id].js

import Layout from "../../components/layout";
import { getAllPostIds, getPostData } from "../../lib/posts";

export default function Post({ postData }) {
  return (
    <Layout>
      {postData.title}
      <br />
      {postData.id}
      <br />
      {postData.date}
    </Layout>
  );
}
export async function getStaticPaths() {
  const paths = getAllPostIds();
  return {
    paths,
    fallback: false,
  };
}

export async function getStaticProps({ params }) {
  const postData = getPostData(params.id);
  return {
    props: {
      postData,
    },
  };
}

Render Markdown

npm install remark remark-html

posts.js (building off last one)

import remark from "remark";
import html from "remark-html";

export async function getPostData(id) {
  const fullPath = path.join(postsDirectory, `${id}.md`)
  const fileContents = fs.readFileSync(fullPath, 'utf8')

  // Use gray-matter to parse the post metadata section
  const matterResult = matter(fileContents)

  // Use remark to convert markdown into HTML string
  const processedContent = await remark()
    .use(html)
    .process(matterResult.content)
  const contentHtml = processedContent.toString()

  // Combine the data with the id and contentHtml
  return {
    id,
    contentHtml,
    ...matterResult.data
  }
}

pages/posts/[id].js

export default function Post({ postData }) {
  return (
    <Layout>
      <Head>
        <title>{postData.title}</title>
      </Head>
      {postData.title}
      <br />
      {postData.id}
      <br />
      {postData.date}
      <br />
      <div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: postData.contentHtml }} />
    </Layout>
  )
}

export async function getStaticProps({ params }) {
  // Add the "await" keyword like this:
  const postData = await getPostData(params.id)
  // ...
}

//getStaticPaths...