> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://openai.gitbook.io/code-cheatsheets/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://openai.gitbook.io/code-cheatsheets/all/docker/dockerfile.md).

# Dockerfile

Check out <https://hub.docker.com/search/?type=image> for bases

## Dockerfile

A Docker image consists of read-only layers each of which represents a Dockerfile instruction

```
# Use an official Python runtime as a parent image
FROM python:2.7-slim

# Set the working directory to /app
WORKDIR /app

# Copy the current directory contents into the container at /app
ADD . /app

# Install any needed packages specified in requirements.txt
RUN pip install --trusted-host pypi.python.org -r requirements.txt

# Make port 80 available to the world outside this container
EXPOSE 80

# Define environment variable
ENV NAME World

# Run app.py when the container launches
CMD ["python", "app.py"]
```

## Commands

```
ADD
COPY
ENV
EXPOSE
FROM
LABEL
STOPSIGNAL
USER
VOLUME
WORKDIR
```

Use env variables you declare with env like `$foo`

### RUn

RUN has 2 forms:

* `RUN <command>` (*shell* form, the command is run in a shell, which by default is `/bin/sh -c` on Linux or `cmd /S /C` on Windows)
* `RUN ["executable", "param1", "param2"]` (*exec* form)

```
RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/things \ #multiple line syntax
  && curl -SL http://example.com/big.tar.gz
```

### CMD

The `CMD` instruction has three forms:

* `CMD ["executable","param1","param2"]` (*exec* form, this is the preferred form)
* `CMD ["param1","param2"]` (as *default parameters to ENTRYPOINT*)
* `CMD command param1 param2` (*shell* form)

There can only be one `CMD` instruction in a `Dockerfile`. If you list more than one `CMD` then only the last `CMD`will take effec

### ENV

```
ENV myName="John Doe"
```

#### ADD

```
ADD test relativeDir/          # adds "test" to `WORKDIR`/relativeDir/
ADD test /absoluteDir/         # adds "test" to /absoluteDir/
```

### COPY

Like ADD, but without urls and tar handling, should be used when you dont need ADD

## Dockerignore

Add things to `.dockerignore` file to prevent copying

```
node_modules
npm-debug.log
```